References


Historical context

Lifson N, Gordan GB, McClintock R.
Measurement of total carbon dioxide production by means of D2O18
J Appl Physiol. 1955; 7:704-10

Schoeller DA and van Santen E.
Measurement of energy expenditure in humans by doubly labeled water
J Appl Physiol. 1982; 53:955-9

Theory

Bluck LJC.
Doubly labelled water for the measurement of total energy expenditure in man- progress and applications in the last decade
Nut Bulletin. 2008; 33:80-90

Coward WA.
Stable isotopic methods for measuring energy expenditure. The doubly-labelled-water (2H2(18)O) method: principles and practice
Proc Nut Soc. 1988; 47:209-18

Coward WA, Roberts SB, Cole TJ.
Theoretical and practical considerations in the doubly-labelled water (2H2(18)O) method for the measurement of carbon dioxide production rate in man
Eur J Clin Nutr. 1988; 42:207-12

Davies PSW.
Measurement of energy expenditure and body composition using stable isotopes
Dev Physiopath Clinics. 1991; 2:95-110

Schoeller DA.
Energy expenditure from doubly labeled water: some fundamental considerations in humans
Am J Clin Nutr. 1983; 38:999-1005

Wells JC, Ritz P, Davies PS, Coward WA.
Factors affecting the 2H and 18O dilution space ratio in infants
Pediatr Res. 1998; 43:467-71

Calculations

Cole TJ and Coward WA.
Precision and accuracy of doubly labeled water energy expenditure by multipoint and two-point methods
Am J Physiol. 1992; 263:E965-73

Coward WA, Ritz P, Cole TJ.
Revision of calculations in the doubly labeled water method for measurement of energy expenditure in humans
Am J Physiol. 1994; 267:E805-7

Ritz P, Cole TJ, Davies PS, Goldberg GR, Coward WA.
Interactions between 2H and 18O natural abundance variation and doubly labeled measurement of energy expenditure
Am J Physiol. 1996; 271:E302-8

Practice

Assessment of Body Composition and total energy expenditure in humans using stable isotope techniques
http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PubDetails.asp?pubId=7982

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